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Major and Primary Dueties Of Network Layer | TCP/IP Model

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Major duties of network layer.

TCP/IP Model
Fundamental of Networking

Here you can learn what are the major duties of the network layer in TCP/IP mode which is the topic of Fundametal of Network ( FON ) subject.

primary job and dutie of network layer

major primary job and duties of network layer

Routing : 
Having Some Idea about the other routers that where each of them is located.
                 Internal Routing & External Routing

Forwarding : 
Once the router know the location of other routers, It can send the packets to a given destination is known as forwarding.

Routing Table : 
Finding out who is where and generate a map is known as routing table.

Routing algorithm : 
Routers learn about each other by applying routing algorithms. 
Then routers can get Best Path to reach the destination routers.

major primary job and duties of network layer | Circuit switching and packet switching

major primary job and duties of network layer | Virtual Circuits

major primary job and duties of network layer | Datagram network the internet model

major primary job and duties of network layer | accounting
Manages sessions and their accounting

Which user has sent how many packets
Useful for auditing and tracing
Done by SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol)

major primary job and duties of network layer | ip addressing | network address & host address
IP uses connectionless network-layer protocol. 

The general identifier used in network layer to identify each device connected to the Internet is called the Internet address or IP address.

Two types ID: Network Address & Host Address.
IPv4 => 32 bit address
IPv6 => 128 bit address

classful and classless | major primary job and duties of network layer | types of ip addressing

Two types of IP addressing: Classful vs. Classless
Method to map these two addresses: ARP – Address Resolution Protocol.


classful addressing and classless addressing cidr | major primary job and duties of network layer
Classfull Addressing
Default class A mask is 255.0.0.0
Default class B mask is 255.255.0.0
Default class C mask is 255.255.255.0
IP address : 172.16.76.92/14
It means 18 zero’s in binary of decimal IP address
Mask : 255.252.0.0 
Subnet address : 172.16.0.0 
So total no of hosts are 2^18
Classless Addressing(CIDR)

ip addressing example | major primary job and duties of network layer
Problem : Given the address 132.6.17.85 and the default class B mask, find network address.

Solution :

The default mask is 255.255.0.0, which means 
that the first 2 bytes are preserved 
and the other 2 bytes are set to 0s. 
The network address is 132.6.0.0.

ip addressing example | major primary job and duties of network layer
Problem : 
What is the sub-network address if the destination address is 19.30.84.5 and the mask is 255.255.192.0?

Solution : Subnet Address = 19.30.64.0


congestio control | major primary job and duties of network layer
Too many packets present in (a part of) the network causes packet delay and loss that degrades performance. This situation is called congestion.

The network and transport layers share the responsibility for congestion control.

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